{"schemaVersion":4,"title":"Texas Defined Painted Churches reference dataset","canonicalCollection":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches","methodology":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/methodology","census":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/census","map":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/map","comparison":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/compare","routes":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/routes","techniques":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques","symbols":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols","people":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people","heritage":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage","preservation":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation","knowledgeGraph":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/knowledge-graph","glossary":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/glossary","timeline":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/timeline","countExplainer":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/how-many","thenAndNow":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/then-and-now","media":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/media","citationGuide":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/cite","asOf":"2026-08-19","numberOfItems":27,"scopeNote":"This dataset distinguishes formal National Register membership, broader historic Painted Church status and modern documented decorative campaigns. Missing fields and relationships are not inferred.","churches":[{"slug":"high-hill-nativity-of-mary","name":"Nativity of Mary, Blessed Virgin Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Mary’s at High Hill","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/high-hill-nativity-of-mary","city":"High Hill","county":"Fayette","address":"2833 FM 2672, Schulenburg, TX 78956","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1870,"builtYear":1906,"paintedYear":1912,"architecture":"Gothic Revival","architect":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","builder":"Frank Bohlmann","artists":["Ferdinand Stockert","Hermann Kern"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic","Moravian Czech"],"techniques":[{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"},{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"gilding-metallic-accents","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/gilding-metallic-accents"},{"slug":"trompe-loeil-architectural-illusion","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/trompe-loeil-architectural-illusion"},{"slug":"canvas-applied-decoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/canvas-applied-decoration"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"lamb-of-god","name":"Lamb of God","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/lamb-of-god"},{"slug":"holy-spirit-dove","name":"Descending Dove / Holy Spirit","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/holy-spirit-dove"},{"slug":"marian-imagery","name":"Marian Imagery","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/marian-imagery"}],"people":[{"slug":"leo-mj-dielmann","name":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","roles":["architect"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/leo-mj-dielmann"},{"slug":"ferdinand-stockert","name":"Ferdinand Stockert","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/ferdinand-stockert"},{"slug":"hermann-kern","name":"Hermann Kern","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/hermann-kern"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Gothic Revival landmark at High Hill whose richly decorated interior helped make the Schulenburg-area painted churches one of Texas’s best-known heritage drives.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group, with statewide significance in art, architecture and religion.","visitNote":"Part of the Schulenburg painted-church cluster. Verify access before traveling because the church remains an active place of worship.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003136","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003136","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Gothic Revival","architects":["Leo M. J. Dielmann","Frank Bohlmann"],"significantYears":["1906","1912"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003136","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003136"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003136","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/St.%20Mary%20Catholic%20Church%20in%20High%20Hill%2C%20Texas.jpg","alt":"Exterior of Nativity of Mary, Blessed Virgin Catholic Church in High Hill, Texas","credit":"Mike Fisher · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASt._Mary_Catholic_Church_in_High_Hill%2C_Texas.jpg"}},{"slug":"ammannsville-st-john-the-baptist","name":"St. John the Baptist Catholic Church","shortName":"St. John the Baptist at Ammannsville","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/ammannsville-st-john-the-baptist","city":"Ammannsville","county":"Fayette","address":"7745 Mensik Road, Schulenburg, TX 78956","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":1919,"paintedYear":1919,"architecture":"Gothic Revival / simplified rural Gothic","architect":"John F. Bujnoch","builder":null,"artists":["Fred Donecker","Donecker and Sons"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"infill","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/infill"},{"slug":"pouncing","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/pouncing"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"ihs","name":"IHS Christogram","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/ihs"}],"people":[{"slug":"fred-donecker","name":"Fred Donecker","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/fred-donecker"},{"slug":"john-f-bujnoch","name":"John F. Bujnoch","roles":["architect"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/john-f-bujnoch"},{"slug":"gene-mikulik","name":"Gene Mikulik","roles":["restorer"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/gene-mikulik"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity","name":"Disaster, Rebuilding and Decorative Continuity","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity"}],"summary":"A celebrated Fayette County painted church known for an unexpectedly ornate interior behind a restrained rural exterior.","significance":"A National Register property in the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR group, recognized for art, architecture and religious history.","visitNote":"One of the six communities promoted by the Schulenburg Chamber for painted-church touring. Check current access before arrival.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003137","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003137","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Gothic Revival","architects":["John F. Bujnoch"],"significantYears":["1918","1919"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003137","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003137"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003137","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/St%20john%20the%20baptist%20ammannsville%202012.jpg","alt":"St. John the Baptist Catholic Church in Ammannsville, Texas","credit":"Larry D. Moore · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASt_john_the_baptist_ammannsville_2012.jpg"}},{"slug":"praha-st-marys-assumption","name":"St. Mary’s Church of the Assumption","shortName":"St. Mary’s at Praha","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/praha-st-marys-assumption","city":"Praha","county":"Fayette","address":"821 FM 1295, Flatonia, TX 78941","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1865,"builtYear":1895,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival","architect":"O. Kramer","builder":null,"artists":["Gottfried Flury","Rev. Louis Netardus","Gene A. Mikulik"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"all-seeing-eye","name":"All-Seeing Eye","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/all-seeing-eye"},{"slug":"angels","name":"Angels","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/angels"},{"slug":"marian-imagery","name":"Marian Imagery","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/marian-imagery"}],"people":[{"slug":"gottfried-flury","name":"Gottfried Flury","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/gottfried-flury"},{"slug":"gene-mikulik","name":"Gene Mikulik","roles":["restorer"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/gene-mikulik"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"Praha’s historic church pairs a Gothic Revival building with decorative painting that turns the nave and ceiling into one of the signature interiors on the painted-church route.","significance":"A National Register property in the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR group, listed for its significance in art, architecture and religion.","visitNote":"On the Schulenburg-area route. The Schulenburg Chamber notes that Praha normally closes earlier on Saturdays; active services and events always take priority.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003138","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003138","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Gothic Revival","architects":["O. Kramer"],"significantYears":["1895"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003138","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003138"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003138","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/St%20marys%20church%20of%20the%20assumption%202008.jpg","alt":"St. Mary’s Church of the Assumption in Praha, Texas","credit":"Larry D. Moore · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASt_marys_church_of_the_assumption_2008.jpg"}},{"slug":"dubina-saints-cyril-methodius","name":"Saints Cyril and Methodius Catholic Church","shortName":"Saints Cyril and Methodius at Dubina","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/dubina-saints-cyril-methodius","city":"Dubina","county":"Fayette","address":"FM 1383, Dubina, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":1912,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival rural frame church","architect":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","builder":null,"artists":["Original decorator unknown","1980s community restoration led by Ed Janecka and Butch Koenig"],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"reconstructed-from-evidence","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"grapes-and-vines","name":"Grapes and Vines","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/grapes-and-vines"},{"slug":"angels","name":"Angels","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/angels"}],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"whitewashing-and-recovery","name":"Whitewashing and Recovery","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/whitewashing-and-recovery"},{"slug":"reconstruction-from-stencils","name":"Reconstruction from Surviving Stencils","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/reconstruction-from-stencils"},{"slug":"disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity","name":"Disaster, Rebuilding and Decorative Continuity","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity"}],"summary":"A Czech-settled rural church whose painted interior, faux finishes and blue-toned ceiling make Dubina an essential stop on the Schulenburg painted-church drive.","significance":"Texas Historical Commission travel coverage and the Schulenburg Chamber identify Dubina as one of the defining painted churches of the Fayette County heritage route.","visitNote":"Part of the Schulenburg painted-church cluster. Do not confuse this church with the separately listed Saints Cyril and Methodius Church in Shiner.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://thc.texas.gov/blog/finding-fayette-county","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Sts%20Cyril%20%26%20Methodius%20Catholic%20Church%20in%20Dubina%2C%20Texas.jpg","alt":"Exterior of Saints Cyril and Methodius Catholic Church in Dubina, Texas","credit":"Mike Fisher · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASts_Cyril_%26_Methodius_Catholic_Church_in_Dubina%2C_Texas.jpg"}},{"slug":"moravia-ascension-of-our-lord","name":"Ascension of Our Lord Catholic Church","shortName":"Ascension of Our Lord at Moravia","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/moravia-ascension-of-our-lord","city":"Moravia","county":"Lavaca","address":"FM 957, Moravia, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1881,"builtYear":1912,"paintedYear":1923,"architecture":"Late Gothic Revival; cruciform wood-frame church","architect":"Rev. Emil Schindler (design); Koch and Sons credited in historic records","builder":"Koch and Sons","artists":["Fred Donecker","Donecker and Sons"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"largely-original","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"holy-spirit-dove","name":"Descending Dove / Holy Spirit","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/holy-spirit-dove"},{"slug":"grapes-and-vines","name":"Grapes and Vines","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/grapes-and-vines"}],"people":[{"slug":"fred-donecker","name":"Fred Donecker","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/fred-donecker"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"preserving-original-programs","name":"Preserving Original Decorative Programs","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/preserving-original-programs"}],"summary":"Moravia’s painted church extends the Schulenburg-area drive into Lavaca County with a richly decorated Late Gothic Revival sanctuary.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"The Schulenburg Chamber includes Moravia among its six painted-church communities. Verify doors and service times before making the drive.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003148","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003148","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":null,"architects":[],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003148","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003148"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003148","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Ascension%20of%20our%20Lord%20Catholic%20Church%2C%20Moravia%2C%20Texas.JPG","alt":"Ascension of Our Lord Catholic Church in Moravia, Texas","credit":"25or6to4 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AAscension_of_our_Lord_Catholic_Church%2C_Moravia%2C_Texas.JPG"}},{"slug":"st-john-texas-st-john-the-baptist","name":"St. John the Baptist Catholic Church","shortName":"St. John the Baptist at St. John","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/st-john-texas-st-john-the-baptist","city":"St. John","county":"Fayette","address":"7026 FM 957, Schulenburg, TX 78956","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":1888,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Rural Gothic-influenced Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Central European Catholic"],"techniques":[],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A small active church in the St. John community that rounds out the six-community painted-church circuit promoted from Schulenburg.","significance":"Included by the Schulenburg Chamber in the local painted-church touring cluster, alongside Ammannsville, Dubina, High Hill, Praha and Moravia.","visitNote":"This is an active parish and access can vary. Confirm current opening information before traveling.","schulenburgCluster":true,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://www.schulenburgchamber.org/painted-churches","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.stjohntexas.org/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"wallis-guardian-angel","name":"Church of the Guardian Angel","shortName":"Guardian Angel at Wallis","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/wallis-guardian-angel","city":"Wallis","county":"Austin","address":"5614 Demel St., Wallis, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1892,"builtYear":1913,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival","architect":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","builder":"Mr. Bunch (as recorded by the Texas Historical Commission)","artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"extensively-repainted","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Gothic Revival church in Wallis whose decorative interior earned it a place in Texas’s formal National Register painted-interior group.","significance":"A National Register property in the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR group.","visitNote":"Outside the compact Schulenburg loop; plan it as a separate Austin County stop and verify public access before arrival.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003074","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003074","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Gothic Revival","architects":["Leo Dielman","Mr. Bunch"],"significantYears":["1913"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003074","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003074"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003074","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Church%20of%20the%20guardian%20angel%202008.jpg","alt":"Church of the Guardian Angel in Wallis, Texas","credit":"Larry D. Moore · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AChurch_of_the_guardian_angel_2008.jpg"}},{"slug":"wesley-brethren-church","name":"Wesley Brethren Church","shortName":"Wesley Brethren Church","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/wesley-brethren-church","city":"Wesley","county":"Austin","address":null,"denomination":"Brethren","foundedYear":1864,"builtYear":1866,"paintedYear":1889,"architecture":"Vernacular rural church / schoolhouse","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":["Rev. Bohuslav Laciak"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"largely-original","culturalHeritage":["Czech Protestant","Moravian"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"trompe-loeil-architectural-illusion","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/trompe-loeil-architectural-illusion"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"wheat-and-eucharist","name":"Wheat and Eucharistic Symbols","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/wheat-and-eucharist"}],"people":[{"slug":"bohuslav-laciak","name":"Rev. Bohuslav Laciak","roles":["clergy-artist","artist"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/bohuslav-laciak"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"preserving-original-programs","name":"Preserving Original Decorative Programs","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/preserving-original-programs"}],"summary":"A Czech Protestant church near Wesley that shows the painted-church tradition was not limited to Catholic congregations.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"A rural Austin County stop. Confirm access before traveling and respect worship or community events in progress.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"79002910","listed":"January 18, 1979","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"79002910","listed":"January 18, 1979","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":null,"architects":[],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/79002910","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2079002910"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2079002910","secondarySourceUrl":"https://austinpbs.org/paintedchurches/churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Wesley%20brethren%20church%202013.jpg","alt":"Wesley Brethren Church in Wesley, Texas","credit":"Larry D. Moore · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWesley_brethren_church_2013.jpg"}},{"slug":"amarillo-first-baptist-church","name":"First Baptist Church","shortName":"Historic First Baptist at Amarillo","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/amarillo-first-baptist-church","city":"Amarillo","county":"Potter","address":"218 W. 13th St., Amarillo, TX","denomination":"Baptist","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":null,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Historic early-twentieth-century church; exact style not specified in the THC National Register record","architect":"J. Carlander","builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Texas Baptist"],"techniques":[],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"An Amarillo property in the statewide National Register group that documents decorative church painting well beyond the better-known Central Texas cluster.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"This is a statewide heritage entry rather than a Schulenburg-area driving stop. Verify the property’s current visitor status before going.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003158","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003158","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":null,"architects":["J. Carlander"],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003158","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003158"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003158","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"umbarger-st-marys-catholic-church","name":"St. Mary’s Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Mary’s at Umbarger","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/umbarger-st-marys-catholic-church","city":"Umbarger","county":"Randall","address":"Pondesetta Road / near US 60, Umbarger, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1908,"builtYear":null,"paintedYear":1945,"architecture":null,"architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":["Franco di Bello","Achille Cattanei","Dino Gambetti","Mario de Cristofara","Leonida Gorlato","Carlo Sanvito","Enrico Zorzi","Adriano Angerilli","Spinello Aretino"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic","Italian POW artistic contribution"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"michaela-wegman","name":"Michaela Wegman","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/michaela-wegman"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"italian-pow-umbarger","name":"Italian POW Artists at Umbarger","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/italian-pow-umbarger"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Panhandle church in Umbarger that demonstrates the statewide reach of Texas’s decorative-interior church tradition.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"A Panhandle destination, far outside the Schulenburg cluster. Confirm visitor access locally before traveling.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003159","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003159","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":null,"architects":[],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003159","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003159"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003159","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/St.%20Mary's%20(Umbarger%2C%20TX)%20from%20S%201.JPG","alt":"St. Mary’s Catholic Church in Umbarger, Texas","credit":"Ammodramus · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASt._Mary's_(Umbarger%2C_TX)_from_S_1.JPG"}},{"slug":"paris-first-united-methodist-church","name":"First United Methodist Church","shortName":"First United Methodist at Paris","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/paris-first-united-methodist-church","city":"Paris","county":"Lamar","address":"322 Lamar St., Paris, TX","denomination":"Methodist","foundedYear":1843,"builtYear":1924,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Classical Revival / Mediterranean-influenced revival design","architect":"Van Slyke and Woodruff","builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Texas Methodist"],"techniques":[],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Paris church included in the statewide decorative-interior National Register group, broadening the painted-church story into Northeast Texas.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"A statewide heritage stop rather than part of the Schulenburg cluster. Verify current building access before your visit.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003146","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003146","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Colonial Revival / other revival","architects":["Vanslyke & Woodruff"],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003146","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003146"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003146","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"lindsay-st-peters-catholic-church","name":"St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Peter’s at Lindsay","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/lindsay-st-peters-catholic-church","city":"Lindsay","county":"Cooke","address":"Ash St., Lindsay, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1892,"builtYear":1918,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Neo-Romanesque / Romanesque Revival","architect":"Frank A. Ludewig","builder":null,"artists":["Fridolin Fuchs"],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"fridolin-fuchs","name":"Fridolin Fuchs","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/fridolin-fuchs"}],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Romanesque Revival church in Lindsay whose decorative interior places North Texas in the statewide painted-church story.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"A North Texas stop near Gainesville, separate from the Schulenburg circuit. Verify visitor access before traveling.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"79002927","listed":"May 25, 1979","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"79002927","listed":"May 25, 1979","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Romanesque","architects":["Frank A. Ludewig"],"significantYears":["1903","1917"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/79002927","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2079002927"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2079002927","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Lindsay%20June%202017%201%20(St.%20Peter's%20Catholic%20Church).jpg","alt":"St. Peter’s Catholic Church in Lindsay, Texas","credit":"Michael Barera · Wikimedia Commons","license":"Creative Commons; see source page","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALindsay_June_2017_1_(St._Peter's_Catholic_Church).jpg"}},{"slug":"fredericksburg-st-marys-catholic-church","name":"St. Mary’s Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Mary’s at Fredericksburg","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/fredericksburg-st-marys-catholic-church","city":"Fredericksburg","county":"Gillespie","address":"306 W. San Antonio St., Fredericksburg, TX 78624","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1846,"builtYear":1906,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival; native-stone church","architect":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","builder":"Jacob Wagner","artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"gilding-metallic-accents","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/gilding-metallic-accents"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"maltese-cross","name":"Maltese Cross","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/maltese-cross"}],"people":[{"slug":"leo-mj-dielmann","name":"Leo M. J. Dielmann","roles":["architect"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/leo-mj-dielmann"},{"slug":"fred-donecker","name":"Fred Donecker","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/fred-donecker"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"repainting-vs-restoration","name":"Repainting vs. Restoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/repainting-vs-restoration"}],"summary":"A prominent Fredericksburg church whose painted and decorated interior connects the Hill Country’s German heritage to the statewide painted-church tradition.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"Easy to pair with a Fredericksburg trip, but church services and parish activities take priority over sightseeing.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003143","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003143","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Gothic Revival","architects":["Leo M. J. Dielmann","Jacob Wagner"],"significantYears":["1906","1908"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003143","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003143"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003143","secondarySourceUrl":"https://austinpbs.org/paintedchurches/churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/St.%20Mary's%20Catholic%20Church%20(Fredericksburg%2C%20Texas).jpg","alt":"St. Mary’s Catholic Church in Fredericksburg, Texas","credit":"Pisi.de · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 3.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASt._Mary's_Catholic_Church_(Fredericksburg%2C_Texas).jpg"}},{"slug":"sweet-home-queen-of-peace","name":"Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Queen of Peace","shortName":"Queen of Peace at Sweet Home","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/sweet-home-queen-of-peace","city":"Sweet Home","county":"Lavaca","address":"FM 340, Sweet Home, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":1918,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic-influenced brick church with lancet windows and patterned masonry","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"},{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"fred-donecker","name":"Fred Donecker","roles":["artist","decorator"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/fred-donecker"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Lavaca County church included in the National Register’s decorative-interior group and part of the broader Czech and German church-building landscape of South Central Texas.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group.","visitNote":"Plan as a Lavaca County extension rather than part of the compact four-church route. Confirm current access.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003149","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003149","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":null,"architects":["Vincent Falbo","M. Deodati"],"significantYears":["1918"],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003149","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003149"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003149","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Church%20of%20the%20Blessed%20Virgin%20Mary%2C%20the%20Queen%20of%20Peace.JPG","alt":"Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Queen of Peace in Sweet Home, Texas","credit":"25or6to4 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Church_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary,_the_Queen_of_Peace.JPG"}},{"slug":"st-marys-immaculate-conception-lavaca","name":"Church of the Immaculate Conception of Blessed Virgin Mary","shortName":"Immaculate Conception at St. Mary’s","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/st-marys-immaculate-conception-lavaca","city":"St. Mary’s","county":"Lavaca","address":"FM 2672, St. Mary’s, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":null,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Late Gothic Revival","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Czech and German Catholic"],"techniques":[],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A rural Lavaca County church formally included in the statewide National Register group for decorative interior painting.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group. This is distinct from the Immaculate Conception church at Panna Maria.","visitNote":"A rural heritage stop. Use the exact church name and Lavaca County location when mapping it, and verify access before traveling.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003150","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003150","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Late Gothic Revival","architects":[],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003150","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003150"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003150","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"shiner-saints-cyril-methodius","name":"Sts. Cyril and Methodius Church","shortName":"Saints Cyril and Methodius at Shiner","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/shiner-saints-cyril-methodius","city":"Shiner","county":"Lavaca","address":"100 St. Ludmilla St., Shiner, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1891,"builtYear":1921,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Romanesque Revival","architect":"F. Wahrenberger","builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"formal-national-register-group","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["Czech and German Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"grapes-and-vines","name":"Grapes and Vines","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/grapes-and-vines"}],"people":[{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"repainting-vs-restoration","name":"Repainting vs. Restoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/repainting-vs-restoration"}],"summary":"Shiner’s Romanesque church combines stained glass and a richly painted interior in one of Lavaca County’s most substantial historic sanctuaries.","significance":"Listed in the National Register under the Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR multiple-property group and designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.","visitNote":"Do not confuse this National Register property with the smaller Saints Cyril and Methodius church at Dubina. Check current parish access before visiting.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":{"referenceNumber":"83003151","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleProperty":true},"nationalRegisterEvidence":{"nris":"83003151","listed":"June 21, 1983","multipleListing":"Churches with Decorative Interior Painting TR","areasOfSignificance":["Art","Architecture","Religion"],"architecturalStyle":"Romanesque","architects":["F. Wahrenberger"],"significantYears":[],"npsUrl":"https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83003151","thcUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003151"},"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details?atlasnumber=2083003151","secondarySourceUrl":null,"sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Saints%20Cyril%20and%20Methodius%20Church.JPG","alt":"Exterior of Saints Cyril and Methodius Church in Shiner, Texas","credit":"25or6to4 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius_Church.JPG"}},{"slug":"serbin-st-paul-lutheran-church","name":"St. Paul Lutheran Church","shortName":"St. Paul at Serbin","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/serbin-st-paul-lutheran-church","city":"Serbin","county":"Lee","address":"1572 CR 211, Serbin, TX","denomination":"Lutheran","foundedYear":1855,"builtYear":1871,"paintedYear":1906,"architecture":"Vernacular Lutheran church with two-level gallery interior","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"largely-original","culturalHeritage":["Wendish Lutheran"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"wendish","name":"Wendish Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/wendish"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Wendish Lutheran landmark with a distinctive painted interior, balcony-level pulpit and deep ties to the 1854 Serbin settlement.","significance":"A Recorded Texas Historic Landmark and one of the best-documented painted-church destinations outside the formal National Register decorative-interior multiple-property group.","visitNote":"Pair with the Texas Wendish Heritage Museum when schedules allow. The church remains active; confirm visitor access in advance.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5287008175","secondarySourceUrl":"https://austinpbs.org/paintedchurches/churches","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Interior%20of%20St.%20Paul%20Lutheran%20Church%2C%20Serbin%2C%20TX.jpg","alt":"Painted interior of St. Paul Lutheran Church in Serbin, Texas","credit":"Pete unseth · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AInterior_of_St._Paul_Lutheran_Church%2C_Serbin%2C_TX.jpg"}},{"slug":"panna-maria-immaculate-conception","name":"Immaculate Conception Catholic Church","shortName":"Immaculate Conception at Panna Maria","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/panna-maria-immaculate-conception","city":"Panna Maria","county":"Karnes","address":"13879 N. FM 81, Panna Maria, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1854,"builtYear":1877,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Nineteenth-century Catholic church with prominent tower; later remodeled","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"extensively-repainted","culturalHeritage":["Polish Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"polish-silesian","name":"Polish and Silesian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/polish-silesian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity","name":"Disaster, Rebuilding and Decorative Continuity","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity"}],"summary":"The historic church at Panna Maria anchors the oldest permanent Polish settlement in the United States and preserves a striking painted interior within a building completed in 1877.","significance":"A Recorded Texas Historic Landmark within the Panna Maria Historic District; Texas heritage sources also identify Panna Maria as a painted-church destination.","visitNote":"Farther south than the Schulenburg cluster. Pair it with the Panna Maria Polish heritage sites and confirm church access before traveling.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5255002619","secondarySourceUrl":"https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1861949/m1/9/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":{"src":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Panna%20Maria%20-%20Immaculate%20Conception%20Church%20interior.jpg","alt":"Painted interior of Immaculate Conception Catholic Church in Panna Maria, Texas","credit":"Luxetowiec · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3APanna_Maria_-_Immaculate_Conception_Church_interior.jpg"}},{"slug":"plantersville-st-marys-catholic-church","name":"St. Mary’s Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Mary’s at Plantersville","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/plantersville-st-marys-catholic-church","city":"Plantersville","county":"Grimes","address":"8227 CR 205, Plantersville, TX","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1873,"builtYear":1917,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival rural Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic","Polish Catholic","German-Russian Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"stenciling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/stenciling"},{"slug":"canvas-applied-decoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/canvas-applied-decoration"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"lamb-of-god","name":"Lamb of God","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/lamb-of-god"},{"slug":"angels","name":"Angels","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/angels"}],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"reconstruction-from-stencils","name":"Reconstruction from Surviving Stencils","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/reconstruction-from-stencils"},{"slug":"repainting-vs-restoration","name":"Repainting vs. Restoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/repainting-vs-restoration"},{"slug":"disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity","name":"Disaster, Rebuilding and Decorative Continuity","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/disaster-rebuilding-and-continuity"}],"summary":"A 1917 Gothic Revival church in Grimes County whose stained glass, painted ceiling and immigrant parish history place it firmly within the broader Painted Churches of Texas tradition.","significance":"A Recorded Texas Historic Landmark with German and Polish immigrant roots. THC documents the present 1917 Gothic Revival building; multiple independent sources document its painted ceiling and historic decorative interior.","visitNote":"This is an active Catholic church rather than a museum. Verify current parish access before traveling and do not assume that historic-tour access applies during Masses, weddings, funerals or other parish events.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5185012792","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.ncregister.com/blog/take-a-peek-inside-a-historic-painted-church-of-texas","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"corn-hill-holy-trinity-catholic-church","name":"Holy Trinity Catholic Church","shortName":"Holy Trinity at Corn Hill","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/corn-hill-holy-trinity-catholic-church","city":"Corn Hill","county":"Williamson","address":"8626 FM 1105, Jarrell, TX 76537","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1889,"builtYear":1913,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Twin-spired early-20th-century Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Czech Catholic","Moravian Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"czech-moravian","name":"Czech and Moravian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/czech-moravian"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A Czech- and Moravian-rooted parish established in 1889, centered on a prominent twin-spired 1913 church whose painted and mural-decorated interior is included in broader modern Painted Churches travel coverage.","significance":"A living Central Texas immigrant parish with documented Moravian heritage and a 1913 twin-spired church. Texas Defined treats Corn Hill as part of the broader Painted Churches tradition, not as a member of the THC National Register decorative-interior multiple-property group.","visitNote":"The parish remains active and publishes current Masses, bulletins and office contacts. Verify access directly with Holy Trinity before making a special sightseeing trip.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://holytrinityofcornhill.org/","secondarySourceUrl":"https://www.travellerselixir.com/texas-painted-churches-road-trip/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"palestine-sacred-heart-catholic-church","name":"Sacred Heart Catholic Church","shortName":"Sacred Heart at Palestine","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/palestine-sacred-heart-catholic-church","city":"Palestine","county":"Anderson","address":"503 N Queen St., Palestine, TX 75801","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":null,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Historic brick Catholic church with timber ceiling and decorated sanctuary","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["East Texas Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A historic Palestine church with a documented religious mural, stained glass and decorative sanctuary, supported by primary-source photographs in the Portal to Texas History and decorative-painting research archives.","significance":"A strong broader-tradition Painted Church supported by primary-source interior photographs and the Buie Harwood decorative-painting research archive. Texas Defined does not represent it as part of the THC 1983 decorative-interior multiple-property group.","visitNote":"The parish states that the church is not open to the public outside scheduled Mass, Confession and Adoration times. Call or email the parish office ahead for a sightseeing visit.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://shpalestine.org/visit","secondarySourceUrl":"https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth26520/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"bandera-st-stanislaus-catholic-church","name":"St. Stanislaus Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Stanislaus at Bandera","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/bandera-st-stanislaus-catholic-church","city":"Bandera","county":"Bandera","address":"311 7th St., Bandera, TX 78003","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1855,"builtYear":1876,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Native-limestone historic Catholic church with later Gothic detailing","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"modern-decorative-campaign","interiorIntegrity":"modern-decorative-campaign","culturalHeritage":["Silesian Polish Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"marbling","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/marbling"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[{"slug":"wheat-and-eucharist","name":"Wheat and Eucharistic Symbols","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/wheat-and-eucharist"},{"slug":"angels","name":"Angels","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/angels"},{"slug":"marian-imagery","name":"Marian Imagery","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/marian-imagery"},{"slug":"evangelist-symbols","name":"Four Evangelist Symbols","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/symbols/evangelist-symbols"}],"people":[{"slug":"antoni-polaniak","name":"Fr. Antoni Polaniak","roles":["clergy-artist","artist"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/antoni-polaniak"},{"slug":"cezary-eva-sienkiel","name":"Cezary and Eva Sienkiel","roles":["artist"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/cezary-eva-sienkiel"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"polish-silesian","name":"Polish and Silesian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/polish-silesian"}],"preservationTopics":[{"slug":"repainting-vs-restoration","name":"Repainting vs. Restoration","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/preservation/repainting-vs-restoration"}],"summary":"An 1876 native-limestone Polish Catholic church whose modern painted program includes evangelist symbols, Marian imagery, scenes from St. Stanislaus’s life and extensive re-marbleized devotional furnishings.","significance":"A Recorded Texas Historic Landmark and one of Texas’s oldest Polish Catholic parishes. The parish itself documents a major painted-interior campaign completed in 2008, so Texas Defined includes it in the broader living Painted Churches tradition while distinguishing the modern decorative campaign from the 19th-century National Register group.","visitNote":"This is an active parish. Check current Mass and parish schedules before visiting; worship and parish activities take priority over sightseeing.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://www.ststanislausbandera.com/history-of-the-church.html","secondarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5019005081","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"corpus-christi-sacred-heart-catholic-church","name":"Sacred Heart Catholic Church","shortName":"Sacred Heart at Corpus Christi","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/corpus-christi-sacred-heart-catholic-church","city":"Corpus Christi","county":"Nueces","address":"1322 Comanche St, Corpus Christi, TX 78401","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":null,"builtYear":null,"paintedYear":1942,"architecture":"Twentieth-century Catholic church with a crossing dome and chancel murals","architect":"Richard S. Colley","builder":null,"artists":["Antonio E. Garcia"],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"largely-original","culturalHeritage":["Mexican American Catholic","South Texas regionalist art"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"antonio-e-garcia","name":"Antonio E. Garcia","roles":["artist"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/antonio-e-garcia"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"mexican-american-south-texas","name":"Mexican American Sacred Art in South Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/mexican-american-south-texas"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A South Texas Catholic church whose sanctuary is dominated by monumental true frescoes painted by Mexican American regionalist Antonio E. Garcia during the 1940s.","significance":"The Diocese of Corpus Christi, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi and SAH Archipedia independently document Antonio E. Garcia’s large-scale Sacred Heart frescoes and murals. Texas Defined includes the church in the broader historic Painted Churches tradition, not the formal 1983 decorative-interior multiple-property group.","visitNote":"Sacred Heart is an active parish. Use the current parish site for Masses, calendar and contact information and verify sightseeing access before a special trip.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://www.sacredheartcorpus.org/","secondarySourceUrl":"https://diocesecc.org/news/marker-at-sacred-heart-honors-life-of-catholic-artist","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"san-antonio-st-joseph-catholic-church","name":"St. Joseph Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Joseph Downtown San Antonio","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/san-antonio-st-joseph-catholic-church","city":"San Antonio","county":"Bexar","address":"623 E. Commerce St, San Antonio, TX 78205","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1868,"builtYear":1871,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Gothic Revival German Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["German Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[{"slug":"henry-pefferkorn","name":"Rev. Henry Pefferkorn","roles":["clergy-artist","artist"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/henry-pefferkorn"},{"slug":"buie-harwood","name":"Buie Harwood","roles":["researcher"],"url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/people/buie-harwood"}],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"german","name":"German Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/german"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A German Catholic Gothic church in downtown San Antonio with historic frescoes and painted religious scenes documented by archival photographs, parish history and the Buie Harwood decorative-painting archive.","significance":"The active parish documents its German Catholic founding and Gothic building history; Portal to Texas History photographs identify frescoes on the ceiling and columns; Harwood’s archive includes a dedicated St. Joseph slide group. Texas Defined classifies it in the broader historic Painted Churches tradition rather than the formal THC multiple-property group.","visitNote":"The parish welcomes visitors and publishes current Mass, adoration, confession and office information. Verify sightseeing conditions and respect liturgical activity before visiting.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://www.stjsa.org/our-parish","secondarySourceUrl":"https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth460055/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"anderson-st-stanislaus-kostka","name":"St. Stanislaus Kostka Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Stanislaus Kostka at Anderson","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/anderson-st-stanislaus-kostka","city":"Anderson","county":"Grimes","address":"1511 Highway 90 South, Anderson, TX 77830","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1873,"builtYear":1917,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Romanesque brick Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"restored-original-scheme","culturalHeritage":["Polish Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"freehand","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/freehand"},{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"polish-silesian","name":"Polish and Silesian Texas","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/polish-silesian"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A 1917 Romanesque Polish Catholic church in Grimes County whose parish history documents surviving historic decorative work, restoration of the original ceiling painting in the sacristy and a later mural above the altar.","significance":"The parish’s own historical record documents the original ceiling painting, its restoration, the 2014 altar mural, historic wood-carved altars and European stained glass. Texas Defined therefore includes Anderson in the broader historic Painted Churches tradition while distinguishing original fabric from later decorative additions.","visitNote":"St. Stanislaus Kostka remains an active parish. Verify current Masses, events and sightseeing access with the parish before making a special trip.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://saintstans.org/church-history","secondarySourceUrl":"https://saintstans.org/","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"castroville-st-louis-catholic-church","name":"St. Louis Catholic Church","shortName":"St. Louis at Castroville","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/castroville-st-louis-catholic-church","city":"Castroville","county":"Medina","address":"610 Madrid Street, Castroville, TX 78009","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1844,"builtYear":1870,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Nineteenth-century limestone Catholic church in historic Castroville","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Alsatian Catholic","French-German frontier Catholic"],"techniques":[{"slug":"decorative-murals","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/techniques/decorative-murals"}],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[{"slug":"alsatian-castroville","name":"Alsatian Catholic Castroville","url":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/heritage/alsatian-castroville"}],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"An 1870 limestone Gothic Revival church at the heart of Castroville's Alsatian Catholic community, with a church-documented painted interior and independent decorative-painting research in the Buie Harwood archive.","significance":"The active parish publishes its own painted-interior imagery, the Harwood archive includes St. Louis in Texas decorative-painting field research, and the Texas Historical Commission records the church as a 1970 Recorded Texas Historic Landmark. Texas Defined classifies it in the broader historic Painted Churches tradition rather than the formal 1983 decorative-interior group.","visitNote":"St. Louis remains an active Castroville parish. Verify current Mass, confession and event schedules before sightseeing; worship takes priority over touring.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":true,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://www.stlouiscastroville.com/copy-of-about-us","secondarySourceUrl":"https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5325005051","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null},{"slug":"lacoste-our-lady-of-grace","name":"Our Lady of Grace Catholic Church","shortName":"Our Lady of Grace at LaCoste","canonicalUrl":"https://texasdefined.com/explore/painted-churches/lacoste-our-lady-of-grace","city":"La Coste","county":"Medina","address":"15825 Bexar St., La Coste, TX 78039","denomination":"Roman Catholic","foundedYear":1911,"builtYear":1911,"paintedYear":null,"architecture":"Red-brick Gothic Catholic church","architect":null,"builder":null,"artists":[],"classification":"broader-historic-tradition","interiorIntegrity":"uncertain","culturalHeritage":["Medina County Catholic"],"techniques":[],"symbols":[],"people":[],"heritageContexts":[],"preservationTopics":[],"summary":"A 1911 red-brick Gothic Catholic church in Medina County with a dedicated 21-slide decorative-painting research group in the Buie Harwood archive and a continuing active parish community.","significance":"The active parish and Texas Historical Commission independently document the exact 1911 church, while the Buie Harwood archive contains 21 church-specific decorative-painting research slides from 1978. Texas Defined therefore includes LaCoste in the broader historic Painted Churches tradition while leaving authorship, technique and interior-integrity details unresolved until stronger primary evidence is found.","visitNote":"Our Lady of Grace is an active parish. Use the official parish site for current Masses, office information and visitor contact, and verify sightseeing access before a special trip.","schulenburgCluster":false,"recordedTexasHistoricLandmark":false,"nationalRegister":null,"nationalRegisterEvidence":null,"primarySourceUrl":"https://olgtx.org/about-us","secondarySourceUrl":"https://txarchives.org/utaaa/finding_aids/00136.xml","sourceCheckedAt":"2026-08-18","image":null}]}